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Orénoque (1781 ship)
''Orénoque'' by one account was a French privateer sloop commissioned in French Guyana in 1781.〔 Another account has her as a Dutch merchant vessel purchased into service.〔 If so, she may have been one of the vessels that some British privateers captured during the raid on Essquinbo and Demerara in late February 1781. The French captured her in 1782 when they captured Demerara and disposed of her in 1784 or so.
==Career==
The British took her into service as HMS ''Oronoque'', and commissioned her under Commander William Tahourdin.〔The National Maritime Museum's database spells her name as ''Ornonoque''.〕 By one report, ''Orénoque'' had been a Dutch merchant vessel, and at the time of commissioning had only five men aboard, of whom three were prisoners - a murderer, a thief of naval stores, and a Dutchman.〔
About one year later, in January–February 1782, French captain Armand de Kersaint led a flotilla in ''Iphigénie'' that included two more frigates, four brigs, and a large cutter to recapture Demerara and Essequibo. Tarhoudin commanded a small squadron that also included two small sloops, and HMS ''Surprize'', and two small brig-sloops. The French were sighted on 30 January and Tarhoudin moved his squadron downriver. However, the French landed troops and as these moved towards Demerara, the British forces facing them retreated, forcing Tarhoudin to pull back his vessels also. On 1 February the British asked for terms of capitulation, with the actual capitulation taking place on 3 February.〔Hepper (1994), p.67.〕 In capturing the colonies de Kersaint also captured Tarhoudin's squadron, of which ''Oronoque'' was the largest, but most feeble vessel. At the time of her surrender ''Oronoque'' was armed with ten 9-pounder guns on her lower deck, and eleven 2 and 3-pounder guns, for which there was no ammunition. Even the 9-pounders were short of ordnance stores. She also only had a crew of 20 men aboard.〔Davis (1892), pp.22-4.〕
Tarhoudin as commander of the British squadron was a co-signer of the capitulation with Robert Kingston, the Lieutenant-Governor of the colony. Despite the capitulation, Tarhoudin was promoted to post captain in 1783.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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